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===========
Quick Start
===========
This guide provides step by step instructions to deploy OpenStack using Kolla
Ansible on bare metal servers or virtual machines.
Recommended reading
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
It's beneficial to learn basics of both `Ansible <https://docs.ansible.com>`__
and `Docker <https://docs.docker.com>`__ before running Kolla Ansible.
The host machine must satisfy the following minimum requirements:
- 2 network interfaces
- 8GB main memory
- 40GB disk space
See the :kolla-ansible-doc:`support matrix <user/support-matrix>` for details
of supported host Operating Systems.
Typically commands that use the system package manager in this section must be
run with root privileges.
It is generally recommended to use a virtual environment to install Kolla
Ansible and its dependencies, to avoid conflicts with the system site packages.
Note that this is independent from the use of a virtual environment for remote
execution, which is described in
:kolla-ansible-doc:`Virtual Environments <user/virtual-environments.html>`.
#. For Debian or Ubuntu, update the package index.
sudo dnf install python3-devel libffi-devel gcc openssl-devel python3-libselinux
sudo apt install python3-dev libffi-dev gcc libssl-dev
Install dependencies using a virtual environment
------------------------------------------------
If not installing Kolla Ansible in a virtual environment, skip this section.
#. Install the virtual environment dependencies.
For CentOS or RHEL 8, you don't need to do anything.
For Debian or Ubuntu, run:
.. code-block:: console
sudo apt install python3-venv
#. Create a virtual environment and activate it:
python3 -m venv /path/to/venv
source /path/to/venv/bin/activate
The virtual environment should be activated before running any commands that
depend on packages installed in it.
#. Ensure the latest version of pip is installed:
.. code-block:: console
pip install -U pip
#. Install `Ansible <http://www.ansible.com>`__. Kolla Ansible requires at least
Ansible ``2.10`` and supports up to ``4``.
Install dependencies not using a virtual environment
----------------------------------------------------
If installing Kolla Ansible in a virtual environment, skip this section.
#. Install ``pip``.
For CentOS or RHEL, run:
#. Ensure the latest version of pip is installed:
sudo pip3 install -U pip
#. Install `Ansible <http://www.ansible.com>`__. Kolla Ansible requires at least
Ansible ``2.10`` and supports up to ``4``.
For CentOS or RHEL, run:
.. code-block:: console
.. note::
If the installed Ansible version does not meet the requirements, one can
use pip: ``sudo pip install -U 'ansible<3.0'``.
Beware system package upgrades might interfere with that so it
is recommended to uninstall the system package first. One might be better
off with the virtual environment method to avoid this pitfall.
Install Kolla-ansible
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Install Kolla-ansible for deployment or evaluation
--------------------------------------------------
For a list of ``kolla-ansible`` versions compatible with each OpenStack release
see `Kolla Ansible release notes
<https://docs.openstack.org/releasenotes/kolla-ansible/>`__.
#. Install kolla-ansible and its dependencies using ``pip``.
pip install 'kolla-ansible == |KOLLA_ANSIBLE_MAJOR_VERSION|.*'
If not using a virtual environment:
.. code-block:: console
sudo pip3 install 'kolla-ansible == |KOLLA_ANSIBLE_MAJOR_VERSION|.*'
#. Create the ``/etc/kolla`` directory.
.. code-block:: console
sudo mkdir -p /etc/kolla
sudo chown $USER:$USER /etc/kolla
#. Copy ``globals.yml`` and ``passwords.yml`` to ``/etc/kolla`` directory.
If using a virtual environment:
.. code-block:: console
cp -r /path/to/venv/share/kolla-ansible/etc_examples/kolla/* /etc/kolla
If not using a virtual environment, run:
cp -r /usr/local/share/kolla-ansible/etc_examples/kolla/* /etc/kolla
#. Copy ``all-in-one`` and ``multinode`` inventory files to
the current directory.
If using a virtual environment:
.. code-block:: console
cp /path/to/venv/share/kolla-ansible/ansible/inventory/* .
If not using a virtual environment, run:
#. Clone ``kolla`` and ``kolla-ansible`` repositories from git.
git clone --branch |KOLLA_BRANCH_NAME| https://opendev.org/openstack/kolla
git clone --branch |KOLLA_BRANCH_NAME| https://opendev.org/openstack/kolla-ansible
#. Install requirements of ``kolla`` and ``kolla-ansible``:
pip install ./kolla
pip install ./kolla-ansible
If not using a virtual environment:
.. code-block:: console
sudo pip3 install ./kolla
sudo pip3 install ./kolla-ansible
#. Create the ``/etc/kolla`` directory.
.. code-block:: console
sudo mkdir -p /etc/kolla
sudo chown $USER:$USER /etc/kolla
#. Copy the configuration files to ``/etc/kolla`` directory.
``kolla-ansible`` holds the configuration files ( ``globals.yml`` and
``passwords.yml``) in ``etc/kolla``.
#. Copy the inventory files to the current directory. ``kolla-ansible`` holds
inventory files ( ``all-in-one`` and ``multinode``) in the
``ansible/inventory`` directory.
.. code-block:: console
cp kolla-ansible/ansible/inventory/* .
Configure Ansible
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
For best results, Ansible configuration should be tuned for your environment.
For example, add the following options to the Ansible configuration file
``/etc/ansible/ansible.cfg``:
.. path /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
.. code-block:: ini
[defaults]
host_key_checking=False
pipelining=True
forks=100
Further information on tuning Ansible is available `here
<https://www.ansible.com/blog/ansible-performance-tuning>`__.
Prepare initial configuration
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The next step is to prepare our inventory file. An inventory is an Ansible file
where we specify hosts and the groups that they belong to. We can use this to
define node roles and access credentials.
Kolla Ansible comes with ``all-in-one`` and ``multinode`` example inventory
files. The difference between them is that the former is ready for deploying
single node OpenStack on localhost. If you need to use separate host or more
than one node, edit ``multinode`` inventory:
#. Edit the first section of ``multinode`` with connection details of your
environment, for example:
[control]
10.0.0.[10:12] ansible_user=ubuntu ansible_password=foobar ansible_become=true
# Ansible supports syntax like [10:12] - that means 10, 11 and 12.
[network:children]
control
# when you specify group_name:children, it will use contents of group specified.
[compute]
10.0.0.[13:14] ansible_user=ubuntu ansible_password=foobar ansible_become=true
[monitoring]
10.0.0.10
# This group is for monitoring node.
# Fill it with one of the controllers' IP address or some others.
[deployment]
localhost ansible_connection=local become=true
# use localhost and sudo
To learn more about inventory files, check
`Ansible documentation <http://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/intro_inventory.html>`_.
#. Check whether the configuration of inventory is correct or not, run:
Distributions might not come with Python pre-installed. That will cause
errors in the ``ping`` module. To quickly install Python with Ansible you
can run: for Debian or Ubuntu:
``ansible -i multinode all -m raw -a "apt -y install python3"``,
and for CentOS or RHEL:
``ansible -i multinode all -m raw -a "dnf -y install python3"``.
Passwords used in our deployment are stored in ``/etc/kolla/passwords.yml``
file. All passwords are blank in this file and have to be filled either
manually or by running random password generator:
.. code-block:: console
cd kolla-ansible/tools
./generate_passwords.py
``globals.yml`` is the main configuration file for Kolla Ansible.
There are a few options that are required to deploy Kolla Ansible:
User has to specify images that are going to be used for our deployment.
In this guide
`Quay.io <https://quay.io/organization/openstack.kolla>`__-provided,
pre-built images are going to be used. To learn more about building
mechanism, please refer :kolla-doc:`Building Container Images
<admin/image-building.html>`.
Kolla provides choice of several Linux distributions in containers:
- CentOS Stream (``centos``)
- Ubuntu (``ubuntu``)
- Debian (``debian``)
- RHEL (``rhel``, deprecated)
For newcomers, we recommend to use CentOS Stream 8 or Ubuntu 20.04.
Next "type" of installation needs to be configured.
Choices are:
using repositories like apt or dnf
using raw source archives, git repositories or local source directory
This only affects OpenStack services. Infrastructure services are
Source builds are proven to be slightly more reliable than binary.
.. code-block:: console
kolla_install_type: "source"
Kolla Ansible requires a few networking options to be set.
We need to set network interfaces used by OpenStack.
First interface to set is "network_interface". This is the default interface
for multiple management-type networks.
.. code-block:: console
network_interface: "eth0"
Second interface required is dedicated for Neutron external (or public)
networks, can be vlan or flat, depends on how the networks are created.
This interface should be active without IP address. If not, instances
won't be able to access to the external networks.
neutron_external_interface: "eth1"
To learn more about network configuration, refer
:kolla-ansible-doc:`Network overview
<admin/production-architecture-guide.html#network-configuration>`.
Next we need to provide floating IP for management traffic. This IP will be
managed by keepalived to provide high availability, and should be set to be
*not used* address in management network that is connected to our
``network_interface``.
.. code-block:: console
kolla_internal_vip_address: "10.1.0.250"
By default Kolla Ansible provides a bare compute kit, however it does provide
support for a vast selection of additional services. To enable them, set
``enable_*`` to "yes". For example, to enable Block Storage service:
Kolla now supports many OpenStack services, there is
`a list of available services
<https://github.com/openstack/kolla-ansible/blob/master/README.rst#openstack-services>`_.
For more information about service configuration, Please refer to the
:kolla-ansible-doc:`Services Reference Guide
<reference/index.html>`.
* Multiple globals files
For a more granular control, enabling any option from the main
``globals.yml`` file can now be done using multiple yml files. Simply,
create a directory called ``globals.d`` under ``/etc/kolla/`` and place
all the relevant ``*.yml`` files in there. The ``kolla-ansible`` script
will, automatically, add all of them as arguments to the ``ansible-playbook``
command.
An example use case for this would be if an operator wants to enable cinder
and all its options, at a later stage than the initial deployment, without
tampering with the existing ``globals.yml`` file. That can be achieved, using
a separate ``cinder.yml`` file, placed under the ``/etc/kolla/globals.d/``
directory and adding all the relevant options in there.
* Virtual environment
It is recommended to use a virtual environment to execute tasks on the remote
hosts. This is covered
:kolla-ansible-doc:`Virtual Environments <user/virtual-environments.html>`.
After configuration is set, we can proceed to the deployment phase. First we
need to setup basic host-level dependencies, like docker.
Kolla Ansible provides a playbook that will install all required services in
The following assumes the use of the ``multinode`` inventory. If using a
different inventory, such as ``all-in-one``, replace the ``-i`` argument
accordingly.
#. Bootstrap servers with kolla deploy dependencies:
.. code-block:: console
kolla-ansible -i ./multinode bootstrap-servers
kolla-ansible -i ./multinode prechecks
#. Finally proceed to actual OpenStack deployment:
.. code-block:: console
kolla-ansible -i ./multinode deploy
#. Bootstrap servers with kolla deploy dependencies:
.. code-block:: console
cd kolla-ansible/tools
./kolla-ansible -i ../../multinode bootstrap-servers
./kolla-ansible -i ../../multinode prechecks
#. Finally proceed to actual OpenStack deployment:
When this playbook finishes, OpenStack should be up, running and functional!
If error occurs during execution, refer to
:kolla-ansible-doc:`troubleshooting guide <user/troubleshooting.html>`.
#. Install the OpenStack CLI client:
pip install python-openstackclient
#. OpenStack requires an openrc file where credentials for admin user
are set. To generate this file:
* For deployment or evaluation, run:
kolla-ansible post-deploy
. /etc/kolla/admin-openrc.sh
cd kolla-ansible/tools
./kolla-ansible post-deploy
. /etc/kolla/admin-openrc.sh
#. Depending on how you installed Kolla Ansible, there is a script that will
create example networks, images, and so on.
* For deployment or evaluation, run ``init-runonce`` script.
If using a virtual environment:
.. code-block:: console
/path/to/venv/share/share/kolla-ansible/init-runonce
If not using a virtual environment:
/usr/local/share/kolla-ansible/init-runonce
* For development, run:
.. code-block:: console
kolla-ansible/tools/init-runonce